Control (monitoring) refers to the process by which input variables of a system are monitored and compared. This is intended to detect deviations from a specified target value. Subsequent corrective measures are intended to synchronize the actual state with the target state. Controlling, as the name suggests, refers to the management of a process. A system is controlled by control systems, for example by switching valves or starting motors. So basically, closed-loop control is a part of open-loop control that focuses on the process of monitoring and adjusting systems, while open-loop control actually refers to the process of controlling the system.
Regulation and control are closely linked concepts in automation technology. Control refers to the process of monitoring and adjusting systems in order to detect deviations from the setpoint and take corrective action. Input variables of the system are monitored to ensure that the output state reaches the desired state. Control is normally achieved by using controllers or control loops that continuously compare the setpoint value with the actual value and make adjustments as required to adapt the actual value to the setpoint value. In contrast, control refers to the process of controlling the system itself. Decisions are made here to control the system according to the specifications or programming.
One example of regulation and control is the air conditioning of a room. The control system monitors the temperature and humidity of the room and compares them with the specified set values. If the actual value deviates from the setpoint, adjustments are made to the air conditioning system to bring the room to the desired temperature and humidity. The control unit, on the other hand, carries out the adjustments, such as switching the compressor on and off or opening and closing valves.
Another example is controlling the speed and torque of a motor. The control system monitors the speed and torque of the motor and compares them with the specified target values. If the actual value deviates from the target value, adjustments are made to the power output of the motor in order to achieve the desired speed and torque. The control unit, on the other hand, implements the adjustments, such as adjusting the engine speed or changing the power output. Overall, regulation and control are essential in automation technology in order to monitor, control and optimize complex systems.
